Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions.

　　The word “that” in line 27 refers to

　　(A)contemporary art

　　(B)opportunity

　　(C)audience

　　(D)distinction

　　句中有两个并列的动词recognizing和 taking (into account)，其中recognizing的宾语是distinction，而taking 的宾语是that。根据上述技巧，that指代distinction。因此，(D)为正确答案。

　　3.平行结构中的指代

　　平行结构主要包括some/most/many/such/each…, others…; not only…but also…; the former…the latter等。在这种结构中，平行结构两个部分的两个代词经常指代同一对象：前一句中的名词主语。例如，

　　In Southwest France in the 1940s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters). Some follow each other in solemn parades, but others swirl about, sideways and upside down.

　　The word others in the passage refers to

　　chambers

　　paintings

　　beasts

　　parades

　　原文包含平行结构some…others，它们都指代前一句中的名词主语beasts，因此第三个选项为正确答案。

　　4.所有格的指代

　　所有格代词经常指代其前面与其最接近的名词。例如，

　　Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.

　　The word “their” in line 1 refers to

　　(A)folk

　　(B)nations

　　(C)countries

　　(D)objects

　　根据所有格指代的解题技巧，their指代前面位置最近的名词objects，因此(D)为正确答案。

　　5.指代的接力棒现象

　　这一现象是指被考的代词对应前面一个相同的代词，而前面的代词指代更前一句中的名词。例如，

　　While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location.

　　The word “they” in line 8 refers to

　　(A)North Americans

　　(B)news shows

　　(C)interviews

　　(D)opinions

　　在这一例子中，第二句中的代词they(reflect the opinions…)对应第一句中的they(are not…)，而第一个they指代前面从句中的名词主语interviews，那么第二个they也指代interviews，因此(C)为正确答案。

　　除了上述情况之外，其他指代，如定语从句中(of which…, in which…, from which…)的关系代词指代先行词，from there结构中的there指代前面最接近的地点名词等，限于篇幅，不再详述。